The mineral component, made of tiny particles of rock, determines the texture of the soil. Soil is made up of four components: air, water, organic matter, and mineral matter. With some practice anyone can learn to recognize different soil textures by feel. Farmers will make different decisions about irrigation, tillage, and what type of crop to plant based on the texture of their soil. Clayey soils hold water and nutrients, while sandy soils drain and dry out quickly. Soil texture cannot be changed, and it affects the movement of water and nutrients in the root zone of plants. Farmers know that different soils are suitable for different crops, but how do they recognize what type of soil they have? Texture is an easily recognizable property that informs farmers about how to manage their soils.
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